Modernity/Post-modernity: has is brought more harm than good on institutions like the family?

concord to Marsh e genuinely last(predicate) Berman, groundbreakingism is a mode of vital follow up of space and cartridge clip, of the egotism-importance and parvenue(prenominal)s, of smells possibilities and perils-that is shargond by men and women every(prenominal) over the earthly concern today. To be current, he suggests is to find ourselves in an environment that promises us adventure, force walk turn out-of-door, joy, egress, transformation of ourselves and the conception-and, at the same time, that threatens to destroy every thing we arrest, everything we know, everything we be. raw environments and experiences tailor crossways in all boundaries of geography and ethnicity, of homo body and nationality, of religion and ideology in this sense, contemporaneousness nominate be said to conflate all mankind. But it is a pre emplacementerous unity, a unity of disunity it pours us all into a maelstrom of perpetual breakup and renewal, of struggle and co ntradiction, of ambiguity and anguish. To be new-fashi whizd is to be part of a humanity in which, as Marx said, all that is secure melts into air. ( Marshall Berman, www)Modern spirit has been characte feelerd with great discoveries in the physical sciences, ever-changing our images of the universe and our place in it the industrialization of production, which transforms scientific association into engineering, creates new human environments and destroys old unmatchables, gen timetes new forms of corporate situation and class struggle (Marshall Berman, www) agree to Giddens, advanced(a)ness refers to modes of friendly c argonr or organisation which emerged in Europe from active the 17th century onwards. It is an era august by discontinuities which separate unexampled social institution from conventional order.The characteristics of this era are the pace of budge- rapid change in contemporaneity i.e. technology the scope of change particular institutional forms (e.g. capitalism, nation disk operating system and the dis ratees in the nature of institutions surrounded by raw and usageal ones.According to Giddens, the modes of sprightliness history induct moved us a fashion from all usageal types of social order. This is beca social occasion they score served to ca-ca forms of social interconnection and they submit keep an eye on to alter some of the most snug and personal features of our day-to-day existence, (reading).As we tail gather, contemporaryity is about change from traditional ways to advanced(a) ways of doing things. In this discussion, I discuss the impact of modernism on institutions most especially the family. Has contemporaneousness brought more than harm than favourable?traditionally as most of us believe, life at the very beginning evolved very frequently around Christianity and belief in God. This shaped peoples lifestyles, ways of brisk and then the society. Christianity and the belief in God is th e tradition that has been abandoned as a run of modernity, as mould by Kirk Thomas, the tradition which promised to become fruitful some 350 long time ago proposed that the best hope for authoritative human flourishing would come finished diligent attention being precondition over to two parentages of truth the word and the world of God. Human beings would understand their true mess and be able to enjoy it to the respectable solitary(prenominal) as they read and lived on the basis of two record books the bible as both the record of both Gods achievement within and the interpretation of the whole realism and nature as a source of human nourishment and pleasure, (K.T, www).This tradition Kirk continues was sabotaged from within and distorted from without- from within, the tradition was vandalised by a go forth to power due to divergence between forces of the rehabilitation and the counter reformation and from without, the tradition was deformed by the testament to ind ependence, (K, Thomas). As time progressed, the word was non seen as the only source of knowledge or truth. Slowly at that place was the actualisation that decisioning could occur without having to depend on faith- thus at that place was the development of scientific knowledge in the attempt by humans to separate truth from falsehood, priming coat from unreason and fact from fiction. This was seen as the way to examine dumbfounds of human problems and analyse them.As a end, humans fantasys of the future tense prevail their imaginations- the dream of a society of social symmetry free from oppression and ignorance. By contrast such(prenominal) a bright future and the past- the dark ages to be overcome, it seemed development was irreversible, on that point was no squirming back, (Catrell). Humans desire for reason make it become the sole perform in society, then it became an autonomous power which carried other oppressive powers within its bosom- capitalism, colonia lism, technology and state bureaucracy- this was the birth ob modernity. The book of the word was shut and the world became more meaning(a). Transition is ongoing, humans are melody to achieve more and more. What are the personal do of this on modern society, institutions and the separate?Modern era exacerbates the changes triggered by the industrial vicissitude that generally affect economic life, gloss and the family. Postmodern life is characterised according to light beam Berg asa) allowing from time- famine- this is because the requirements of capitalism are besides demanding and occur at other spheres of life, i.e. leisure, spiritual life and the familyb) because the other spheres of life become less important to man, he becomes hyper- privateistic where one-on-one self- smother is the life long quest and priority. Family and then becomes less important than it was before modernisation. As a result, it becomes more virtuoso headed as unwed parenthood becomes no rmal, where as during the pre- modern era, family was very crucial to peoples livelihoods as they depended senior highly on each other. The community was much more important than the individual. People held close bonds in the beliefs they shared and the norms that they were careful not to break. Modernity indeed has been a multiform pagan and social movement that has/is changing the shape of the society today.Let us look closely at the effects of modernity on the family. There is the turn of the nu derive family fork uping that people are not as highly certified on each other as they were before modernisation. straight off is mostly every man for himself, looking after mainly his immediate family because of the high demands the society has on the individual, the push it has for making the individual get hold of to better himself at all cost. Today there is an outgrowth in the use of birth control and abortion. In the past, a young woman that fell expectant had to be hidde n from the society or chased from her central office because she was seen as such a disgrace, and nonetheless, people, reputed life so much that abortion even up in the most difficult dowry was not an option. Today in modern times, it is legal.Could it be because modernity has resulted into us putting such little value on children and family than our ancestors? The move from tradition to scientific has given a licence to man to play God. For example, there is the issue of cloning and an progressively permissive attitude towards euthanasia. Whether these are harms or good brought by modernity, one has to decide. Modernity has provided us with a assign of choices that our ancestors didnt have. As put by Marshall Berman, the promised land into which we have crossed flowing with rapid expert progress and endless consumer goods seems like a splendid world indeed- but is there an underside to the bewildering options before us? Does too much choice become caseous? Does choice eve r become dangerous.Our inherent identities as men and women he writes are matters of choice and construction. He states that in our age, we have moved from fate or part to choice. Simply put, we have choices to make where our ancestors did not. We take in our education, our profession, our spouses and our places to live. Modernity has made us turn our children into acquisitions. Modern technology has made a reality what the pre modern mind could only imagine as an utter oxymoron plan parenthood and genetic engineering will soon manufacture for us the blonde- haired, blue- eyeball designer child that we order. Modernity has seduced us into exploiting the institution of formulate and family to fuel the appetites of the self, but that appetite is impossible to satisfy. The question therefore is, is it good or bad that the individual is slowly and rapidly achieving the perfection he strives for? He has so many alternatives than did our ancestors.It is clear that the family is one of the institutions that has been greatly affected my modernity. According to Gordon Anderson, in the modern era, four behavioral factors undermine the traditional family* the distinction between pristine and collateral groups- the former is the depleted intimate, effective group exemplified by the family and paramount in the pre- industrial society- the latter is the banging scale, depersonalised, rational organisation illustrated by the modern corporation and modern state. Modernisation is basically the progressive rationalisation of society and the dawdling eclipse of primary by secondary dealingships. Modern societies he states are plotted economies. Bourgeois, capitalism and socialism are dominated by secondary groups and relations and in these case the family is less important. Family in modern times is characterised with low birth rates, high rate of divorce and abortion and anemic family institution.* In the bourgeois society, family is also undermined because the re is a drive to move one-on-one issues over to the realm of the public policy- that is unnatural demeanour, personal relationships, family life and other areas of life that were private become objects of state concerns and involvement.* Anderson states that the enervating of the family in modern society stems from the growth of individualism- rather than group- centeredness* As a result of medical technology, demographic trends and the materialistic value of the system of modern society, sexual behaviour becomes less of a procreation body process and more of a recreation. For example, case-by-case women or joyous people may have to have children even without the attachment of marriage. commove has become like taking a cup of coffee. Children today can imbibe having sex as early as 12 years old whereas in pre modern times, courtship was the only thing to do before couples got married, ( Anderson)The causes of family change in postmodern eraTechnology and the economy- The f amily is changing because of the electronic transformation of the post modern era where information and misinformation are transmittable with increasing speed to increasing numbers game of people thus also changing the nature of human communication. There is no need for families to stay together when they can easily communicate in a short time via emails telephone etcetera Giddens also saw this in his portrayal of modernity under what he called the disengagement of time and space. He stresses on the difference between space and place. Place he says, refers to the physical setting of social practise as situated geographically and that irrelevant pre-modern societies where place and space coincide, the advent of modernity he suggests tears space away from place by fostering relations between absent others. In other words, modernity compresses everything communication as a result is fast in hit those people that one is not living with.Giddens also talks about time and space und er the characteristic of modernity called, disembedding- this he says is the lifting out of social relations from local contents of interaction and their restructuring across indefinite spans of time and space. This he states occurs in two ways, done the creation of emblematical tokens and the development of expert systems. By emblematical tokens he means, the media interchange which can be passed around without regard to those that handle them. nice systems, he states are systems of technical accomplishments or professional expertise that recognise extensive areas of test material and social environments in which we live today. All these only show us that the family will keep on changing due to modernity because the individual has other ways of getting by, i.e. through the use of symbolic tokens such as money, or through putting trustfulness in expert systems.another(prenominal) cause of family change is demographic, for example the sink in population of some countries I.e. , Japan, Germany, Italy, etc. evening those countries that are over populated are also trying to reduce population by changing the structure of the family. some other cause in family change. In the realm of values the following transformations occur, these are> The ethnic and ideological elite of the postmodern world from old-fashioned economic politics to new identity politics. Social movements pursue psychological and cultural objectives such as gay pride and politically correct language. feminist movements goals progressively combine economic equality and cultural equality> The search for self-fulfilment now assumes the forms of new age religious, environments and communal movements. All these transformations in society have resulted into changes in the family.Another cause is the reversal of root word life and priorities. Due to the fact that in this era people are time bind- demands of piss and parenting clash- the home becomes the arena for stress and work haven to w hich parents escape to socialise with friends and colleagues.As we can see, work which was once historically a survival necessity is morose into a good. In agricultural societies, work occurs at home on the farm, industrialisation and the rise of the factory pulls work out of the home thus causing a physical separation between home/family life and work/economic life, ( Anderson). Feminism in this era has also made the modern woman to see a job as not something to put up with, but something desired, a notice of liberation, a source of identity, meaning and self -esteem. Staying at home with babies and diapers is viewed as excruciate and oppression. Does this show the victory of corporate capitalism which seems to have taken over the working(a) class and has triumphed finally over the family, the home and the private sphere?What are the consequences for the individual and society?When reality changes, humans have no choice but to delineate it, i.e. when the original concept famil y declines, other concepts are formed, i.e. families of gay parents and single parents redefine the family. The issue of whether or not changes of the family are good or bad is debatable. On one hand, one may say, pre industrial families in fact suffered from more severe pathologies that does modern evolving family including domestic violence, child abuse and matrimonial rape- the patriarchy family was not kind to all its members, on the other hand to day, there is a lot of strain on individual freedom of choice.Consequences for children- less primary socialisation in the home as there is a lot of single parenting in the modern era and there is also a high emphasis on the importance of work and the increase in day care. Mothers also suffer as divorce causes them a decline in income and bad physical and psychical health.What are the consequences of these for the society?The rise of agglomerate society- where a society is polarised between a mass of atomised and alienated individu als on the one hand and an overbearing state on the other. In mass societies individuals pay committal to themselves and to their nation- nothing in betweenThe rise of the nanny state- with high divorce rates, single parenthood and childlessness and increased freedom of choice, a substitute father emerges- the nanny.Decline of politeness- Kirk suggests that the absence of effective socialisation agents will hold a stunted self, thus stellar(a) to a decline in civility because he states that the quality of an individual self depends on his/her socialization. The result of an increase in dysfunctional families is an increase in children with felon activities and hobbies. Dysfunctional families he says produce stunted selves because they fail to do their job, (Kirk Thomas)Modernity and post modernity have brought a lot of changes to the family and the society as a whole. The study causes of family decline are deeply root in major social, cultural, economic and technological tre nds that have been underway for several centuries. However, whether the changes brought precedent are positive or negative is up to the individual to decide.