Difference Between British And South African English Language Essay

Difference Between British And southmost African position quarrel EssayIntroductionI head to establish parlanceal get hold ofs splendor upon the incline language. This will occur through and through identifying how dictional features are introduced into patois, significant diversions amongst British English and South African English, as substantially as the possible inconsistencys in application of emphasis into language. I aim to identify typical dialectal features in ordinary, colloquial speech, which are diverse to English speakers.A comparison of British English and South African English will enable differences to be shown. Within the speech, variables will advert the language choice, not al modalitys dialectal variables. These variables include age (adults and Children in the conversation), location of the speakers (where theyre from and location which they currently reside) as well as the level of class which the speakers are from. I will focus upon South A fricans (English intercommunicate not Afrikaans- the Lingua Franca), the screen subjects are from the Cape Town res publica in South-west South Africa. Therefore, the South African test subjects should baffle m any alikeities to the British speaking English test subjects. As a consequence, I expect the main difference between the deuce sets of test subjects to be lexical due to them being English speaking.Research idiom diametriciates language, distinguishing location, class and opposite social boundaries.The South African language is similar to the English language, a cosmopolitan, hybrid language, with lexis being drawn from umteen other languages and cultures. Officially in that location are 11 languages feeding into South African 1 from Dutch Afrikaans to English, providing dialectal vocalises much(prenominal) as the Afrikaaner rallying cry Braai for barbeque. It is often that these words interlink into different languages with the center mirror in the adopted lang uage such as Dutch to Afrikaans lexis. This is provable through words like Biltong (Afrikaans) and aardvark (Afrikaans) transferring to the English language.English is seen as a Lingua Franca in South Africa, not necessarily the ascendant language spoken language, but instead a language which is a backup language which is always spoken in contexts where appropriate, for example, English is the world-wide business language, therefore the majority of business is conducted in English.As a consequence Afrikaans speakers mapping of goods and services English the lingua franca language uptake in Afrikaans-medium mellow schools in Pretoria reported that they often employ English words when speaking Afrikaans 2. Therefore showing the English languages dominance due to the ability to transfer into different languages. Therefore, itll be evoke to see if the South African language of 11 different languages and distinctive dialects transfers into the English language as seen with the transfer of French lexis such as Entrepreneur, quit or Cafe. artistic styles form through modification of standard of English, changing due to influences and situations. They are a form of expression, marking individualism or belonging to a group e.g. social grouping such as level of class (Gentry, middle or working). As Peter Trudgill interprets dialects result for recognition of area of growing up or current compliance Other people will rehearse this information to help them subside where we are from 3.This investigation aims to distinguish the differences of lexical variations, grammatical differences, approaches to speech, length of articulations, and use of taboo and non-fluency features.Data AnalysisThe speech is started off by statements (declarative) and questions (interrogative excoriate mood), for example line one of the South African duplicate Kieron (.) dinner time. The use of these sentence moods is the typical, standard of introduction for conversation. Furthe rmore both duplicates feature turn-yielding cues at the end of around half of sentences, leading to the formation of contiguousness pairs. Therefore, theres no difference between English and Southern African English conversations over on how theyre introduced or ended suggesting this method is the standard, not fulfilling any aims of establishing dialectal differences.The main difference between the dialects of Southern Africa and an English Dialect is a high lexical variation. A clear example is the word robots utilize in Western South Africa to mean Traffic lights. This shows the use of different lexis to apply the same meaning as also seen through the adjective Lekker to mean good or nice. Whereas the transcript shows the English dialect to use +degree adverbs intensifying the adjective the food is truly burnt-out as opposed to the Southern African these crunchies are lekker. The South African lexis doesnt rely upon intensifiers instead having stronger dialectal words to take the place of both words, whereas the word Crunchies is a piece of South African lexis for Flapjack.Nouns have been used with inflections for both English speech and South African speech. Proper Nouns for both English and South African havent featured the inflection of s with the riddance of General motors which said singularly on its own. However, common nouns are wide-ranging in both English and in Southern African. Concrete nouns such as Takkies or Pants both feature the inflection of s, only concrete nouns like Lappie havent featured an inflection. This feature of spoken language is mirrored in the English transcript with concrete nouns such as apples crackers. This shows no difference between the South African and British English dialect in the application of inflections, not helping to solve the language investigation.Adjectives dont tend to have inflections such as suffixes added to them in either dialects. Both dialects lose suffixes such as -en to give adjectives a reg ional placer, helping to congeal the area or social class from which the test subjects are in or reside from. The South African transcript uses adjectives such as slow pre-modifying nouns like any normal application of adjectives. Whereas, the English transcript also applies adjectives use e.g. well ridiculously cheap. This shows there is little if no difference between uses of adjectives between these two different dialects, suggesting it again to be the standard. As a consequence uncomplete disproving nor proving a broad difference between the dialects.Whereas, adverbs are also similar with no real noticeable difference between the two different dialects. Neither dialects as discussed earlier seem to use suffixes onto the adverbs e.g. slowly. Adverbs have been used in both dialects as transcribed showing the adverbs to intensify or portray manner, place or time, as seen by ridiculously cheap. As seen before, this doesnt identify dialectal differences, meaning the aims fulfille d.However, there is a difference in pronoun structure between the two transcripts and dialects. The English dialect transcript focuses upon object personal pronouns e.g. i didnt be intimate this, whereas the South African transcript mainly uses subject personal pronouns (I) (we). However, this whitethorn not be a dialectal difference due to being in different circumstances with them both being on different topics due to not being scripted. Therefore it neither confirms nor disproves dialectal differences in speech.The South African transcripts shows dynamic verbs used with past times tense inflections of -ed as well as present tense inflections of -e i lagged Whereas the English transcript also shows the use of dynamic verbs, but only in the past tense. Like the South African Dynamic verbs, it portrays the action having already occurred. However, neither of these inflections are dialect specific, such as an Eastern English dialect of he walk. Therefore, this doesnt help to identi fy dialectal features in spoken language.The utterance length is higher in the English transcript on fairish as compared to the South African, suggesting dialect may affect length of utterance. However, there are more speakers (5) as compared to (4) within the South African treatment therefore it is more potential that each speaker will have a shorter duration of speech due to some form of gap by another speaker. As a consequence, this hints that utterance length may be a dialectal feature however it is more likely to have been highly influenced by the amount of speakers. Therefore not rattling being a useful piece of data.The transcripts have recorded different features of non-fluency signifiers, showing that dialect may cause different non-fluency features. The South African transcript notes the high use of fillers and other parts of unscripted speech such as facework like the facilitive tag question youre lovely (.) arent you. voice filled pauses occur where the speaker respo nds, yet doesnt provide a very clear answer. Whereas the British English transcript shows quite a high use of false-starts and recycling in speech unlike the South African transcript. This clearly shows both dialects have certain non-fluency features however they vary and may just be partially dialect specific.It is obvious the main difference between these transcripts and dialects is lexical variation. This is not really surprising due to the South African test subjects being English spoken. English South Africa is enormously influenced by western media i.e. American TV programs. The only real way to clarify these findings of dialect not being hugely different between British English and western South African is to undertake many more tests to see if there is reliability in the results or if it shows a broader theme as such.CUT = This conclusion is repeated through the use of negatives, where neither dialects show abnormal use of negatives, therefore not providing a noticeable dif ference, meaning no clear conclusion can be drawn from these results.